Cultural Biases in Responses to Scale Questions

When interpreting results from global surveys and making comparisons across countries, consider how cultural differences can influence responses to even the most seemingly straightforward scale questions:

“[A] 26-country study shows that there are major differences in response styles between countries that both confirm and extend earlier research. Country-level characteristics such as power distance, collectivism, uncertainty avoidance and extraversion all significantly influence response styles such as acquiescence and extreme response styles.

Further, English-language questionnaires are shown to elicit a higher level of middle responses, while questionnaires in a respondent's native language result in more extreme response styles. Finally, English language competence is positively related to extreme response styles and negative related to middle response styles.” (Anne-Wil Harzing)